Science Publications

INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

Online submission of manuscript

Microsoft Word or PDF formats may be submitted online to Science Publications for initial evaluation. For online submission of manuscripts authors should go to "Online Submission"

AUTHOR MATERIAL ARCHIVE POLICY

Author(s) who require the return of any submitted material that is accepted for publication should inform the Editorial Office after acceptance. If no indication is given that author material should be returned, Science Publications will dispose of all hard copy and electronic material two months after publication.

STYLE OF MANUSCRIPTS

Manuscripts should be written in clear, concise and grammatically correct English (with 10 font size and Times New Roman font style) so that they are intelligible to the professional reader who is not a specialist in any particular field. Manuscripts that do not conform to these requirements and the following manuscript format may be returned to the author prior to review for correction. The entire manuscript, including references, should be typed single spaced on one side of the paper, with margins of 1 inch each side. All pages should be numbered consecutively in the bottom centre. Indent new paragraphs. Turn the hyphenation option off, including only those hyphens that are essential to the meaning. The manuscript should be presented in the following order.

Title page

This should contain the title (capitalize first letter of each word in the title) of the contribution and the name(s) and address(es) of the author(s). The full postal address, Internet e-mail address, telephone and facsimile numbers of the author who will receive correspondence and check the proofs should be included, as well as the present address of any author if different from that where the work was carried out. The main title should, where possible, contain the major key words used in the body of the manuscript; the title should contain the scientific name and authorities of the insect with the order and family placed in parentheses.

Abstract

All manuscripts must include a brief but informative Abstract intelligible without reference to the main text. It should not exceed 300 words and should describe the scope, hypothesis or rationale for the work and the main findings. Both common and scientific names should be included; the authorities are not given if they appear in the title. References to the literature and mathematical symbols / equations should not be included. Abstract must include following sections:

Problem Statement: This section should include answers of the questions:
• Why was research needed?.
• What was the context of the work?.
• Introduce the problem or provide background for what you will address.

Approach:
• What did you do and how did you go about solving or making progress on the problem.
• Describe the method of research, study, or analysis applied to the problem.

Results:
• What results did you get?
• State what you found and relate it to the problem.
• Summarize the major results in numbers, avoid vague, hand waving results such as “very small” or “significant”.

Conclusions/Recommendations:
• What are the implications of your answer?
• State the relevance, implications, or significance of the results or conclusions, to the business.
• Significance of work is often implied by the recommendations or implications for future work.

Keywords

Key words (3-5) should be provided below the Abstract to assist with indexing of the article. These should not duplicate key words from the title.

Introduction

This section should include sufficient background information to set the work in context. The aims of the manuscript should be clearly stated. The introduction should not contain either findings or conclusions.

Materials and Methods

This should be concise but provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be repeated by others.

Results

Results should be presented in a logical sequence in the text, tables and figures; repetitive presentation of the same data in different forms should be avoided. The results should not contain material appropriate to the Discussion.

Discussion

This should consider the results in relation to any hypotheses advanced in the Introduction and place the study in the context of other work. Only in exceptional cases should the Results and Discussion sections be combined.

Acknowledgment

The source of financial grants and other funding must be acknowledged, including a frank declaration of the authors' industrial links and affiliations. Authors must declare any financial support or relationships that may pose conflict of interest in a covering letter submitted with the manuscript. Financial and technical assistance may be acknowledged here. Anonymous reviewers should not be acknowledged. It is the authors' responsibility to obtain written permission to quote material that has appeared in another publication.

References

Bibliographic references in the text appear like [1, 2, 5, 6], using square brace in superscript. References should be numbered consecutively, with style:

Journal paper:
1. Hadjibabaie, M., N. Rastkari, A.Rezaie and M. Abdollahi, 2005. The Adverse Drug Reaction in the Gastrointestinal Tract: An Overview. Intl. J. Pharmacol., 1 (1): 1-8.

Books:
1. Daniel A. Potter, 2002. Destructive turfgrass insects: Biology, diagnosis and control. Wiley Canada Publishers, pp: 24-67

Chapters in Book:
1. Bray R.A., 1994. The leucaena psyllid. In: Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture (eds R.C. Gutteridge and H.M. Shelton) pp. 283–291. CAB International, Oxford.

Titles of journals should be given in full. ‘In press' can only be used to cite manuscripts actually accepted for publication in a journal. Citations such as ‘manuscript in preparation' or ‘manuscript submitted' are not permitted. Data from such manuscripts can only be mentioned in the text as ‘unpublished data'.

Authors must provide Digital Object Identifier (DOI) number for all references, just in case, if there is no DOI for any reference, author may provide its URL / direct accessible web link for verification purpose. All other references i.e. without DOI or internet link are not acceptable.

Tables should be self-contained and complement, but not duplicate, information contained in the text. Tables should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals. Each table should be presented on a separate page with a comprehensive but concise legend above the table. Tables should be double-spaced and vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. Column headings should be brief, with units of measurement in parentheses; all abbreviations should be defined in footnotes. Use superscript letters (not numbers) for footnotes and keep footnotes to a minimum. *, **, *** should be reserved for P values. The table and its legend/footnotes should be understandable without reference to the text.

Only scientifically necessary illustrations should be included. All illustrations (line drawings and photographs) are classified as figures. Figures should be cited in consecutive order in the text. Each figure should be labeled on the back in very soft marker or chinagraph pencil, indicating name of author(s), figure number and orientation. (Do not use an adhesive label.) Figures should be sized to fit within the column (82 mm) or the full text width (171 mm). Line figures should be supplied as sharp, black and white graphs or diagrams, drawn professionally or with a computer graphics package; lettering should be included. Photographs should be supplied as sharp, glossy, black and white photographic prints and must be unmounted. Individual photographs forming a composite figure should be of equal contrast, to facilitate printing and should be accurately squared. Magnifications should be indicated using a scale bar on the illustration. Graphics should be supplied as high resolution (at least 300 d.p.i.) electronic files, saved as .eps or .tif format. A high resolution print-out must also be provided. Digital images supplied only as low-resolution print-outs cannot be used.

Colour photographs should be submitted as good quality, glossy colour prints. Authors have to bear the cost of colour printing.

Legends should be self-explanatory and typed on a separate sheet. The legend should incorporate definitions of any symbols used and all abbreviations and units of measurement should be explained so that the figure and its legend is understandable without reference to the text. (Provide a letter stating copyright authorization if figures have been reproduced from another source.)

SI units (metre, kilogram etc.), as outlined in the latest edition of Units, Symbols and Abbreviations: A Guide for Medical and Scientific Editors and Authors (Royal Society of Medicine Press, London), should be used wherever possible. Statistics and measurements should always be given in figures; that is, 10 mm, except where the number begins the sentence. When the number does not refer to a unit measurement, it is spelt out, except where the number is greater than nine. Use only standard abbreviations. The word ‘Figure' should be shortened to Fig. unless starting a sentence.

The complete scientific name (genus, species and authority) and cultivar or strain where appropriate, should be given for all animals when first mentioned; authorities are not needed for plants. The generic name may be abbreviated to an initial in subsequent references except at the start of sentences and where intervening references to other genera would cause confusion.

Proofs will be sent via e-mail as an Acrobat PDF (Portable Document Format) file and should be returned within 3 days of receipt. Alterations to the text and figures (other than the essential correction of errors) are unacceptable at proof stage and authors may be charged for excessive alterations. Acrobat Reader will be required in order to read the PDF. This software can be downloaded from the following website: http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html. This will enable the file to be opened, read on screen and printed out in order for any corrections to be added. Authors should therefore supply an e-mail address to which proofs can be e-mailed. If absent, authors should arrange for a colleague to access their e-mail, retrieve the PDF proof and check and return it to the publisher on their behalf.